Microwave onions, jalapeño, oil, garlic, ginger, curry powder, tomato paste, garam masala, and 1 teaspoon salt in bowl, stirring occasionally, until vegetables are softened, about 5 minutes; transfer to slow cooker.
Stir in chickpeas, cauliflower, tomatoes, broth, and tapioca.
Season chicken with salt and pepper and nestle into slow cooker.
Cover and cook until chicken is tender, 4 to 5 hours on low.
Transfer chicken to cutting board, let cool slightly, then shred into bite-size pieces using 2 forks.
Whisk ½ cup cooking liquid and yogurt together in bowl (to temper), then stir mixture back into slow cooker.
Stir in chicken and peas and let sit until heated through, about 5 minutes.
Stir in cilantro and season with salt and pepper to taste.
Serve with lime wedges.
