Place a steamer insert into a saucepan; fill with water just below the bottom of the steamer. Bring water to a boil; add cauliflower, cover, and steam until tender, about 10 minutes.
Meanwhile, heat olive oil in a small skillet over medium heat; cook and stir garlic until softened, about 2 minutes. Remove from heat.
Transfer ½ of the cauliflower to a food processor; cover and blend on high. Add remaining cauliflower florets, one at a time, until vegetables are creamy. Blend in cooked garlic, Parmesan cheese, cream cheese, salt, and black pepper.
