Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Grease and flour a 9x13-inch baking pan.
Prepare cake batter by combining cake mix, water, eggs, and oil together in a large bowl; beat with an electric mixer on low speed until moistened. Increase speed to medium and beat for 2 minutes. Pour batter into prepared baking pan.
Combine rhubarb and sugar together in a bowl; spoon over batter in the pan. Drizzle whipping cream over the top.
Bake in the preheated oven until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean, about 40 minutes. Let cake cool completely before turning it out onto a serving dish.
