Heat a large pot over medium-high heat
Add the beef and cook, breaking it up with a wooden spoon, until browned, about 5 minutes
Transfer the beef to a colander set over a bowl to drain off the fat.Stir the tomato paste, garlic powder, onion powder, Italian seasoning, chili powder, sugar, salt, and pepper into the browned beef
Add the butter and cook, stirring, until melted, about 1 minute
Stir in the flour until thoroughly combined, about 1 more minute.Add the stock and milk and bring to a boil
Once the mixture is boiling, add the macaroni and cook, stirring constantly, until the pasta is al dente and the sauce is thickened, about 6 minutes.Remove the pot from the heat and stir in the cheese until melted
Serve sprinkled with parsley if using