Start with the mirepoix (onion, carrots, celery)
Add the garlic, oregano, thyme, and Calabrian chilies/red pepper flakes (if using)
Season with salt and pepper
Add the tomato paste and let it caramelize
Deglaze with the white wine (if using)
Add the beef broth, marinara/crushed tomatoes, and beans (mash half of one can for creaminess)
Add the Parmesan rind, bay leaf, and rosemary (if using)
Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 30 minutes
Add the pasta and kale/escarole and cook until pasta is tender
Finish with lemon juice, to taste
Serve with Parmesan cheese and crusty bread
