Activate the Yeast: In a large bowl, combine the warm water, sugar, and yeast. Stir gently and let sit for 5-10 minutes, until foamy.

Combine Dry Ingredients: In a separate large bowl, whisk together the flour and salt.

Combine Wet and Dry Ingredients: Pour the yeast mixture and olive oil into the flour mixture. Mix with a wooden spoon or stand mixer (dough hook) until a shaggy dough forms.

Knead the Dough: Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface. Knead for 6-8 minutes, until smooth and elastic. Or, knead with a dough hook on medium speed for the same time. Add flour, 1 tablespoon at a time, if too sticky.

First Rise: Grease a large bowl with olive oil. Place the dough in the bowl, turning to coat. Cover with plastic wrap or a clean kitchen towel. Let rise in a warm place for 1-1.5 hours, or until doubled in size.

Combine Filling Ingredients: While the dough is rising, in a medium bowl, combine the softened cream cheese, mozzarella cheese, Parmesan cheese, parsley, basil, oregano, minced garlic, garlic powder, onion powder, and red pepper flakes (if using).

Season to Taste: Season the filling with salt and black pepper to taste. Mix well.

Chill the Filling (Optional): Chill the filling for 15-20 minutes for easier spreading.

Preheat Oven and Prepare Baking Sheet: Preheat oven to 375u00b0F (190u00b0C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.

Punch Down the Dough: Once the dough has doubled, gently punch it down.

Roll Out the Dough: Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface. Roll into a 12x18 inch rectangle.

Spread the Filling: Evenly spread the herb cheese filling over the dough, leaving a ½ inch border along one long edge.

Roll Up the Dough: Starting from the opposite long edge, tightly roll up the dough into a log. Pinch the seam to seal.

Cut the Log: Using a sharp knife or pizza cutter, cut the log in half lengthwise. Keep the cut side facing up.

Twist the Strands: Gently twist the two strands together, keeping the cut sides facing up.

Transfer to Baking Sheet: Carefully transfer the twisted bread to the prepared baking sheet. Form into a circle or leave as a long loaf.

Prepare Egg Wash: In a small bowl, whisk together the egg and milk (or water).

Brush with Egg Wash: Brush the entire surface of the bread with the egg wash.

Add Toppings (Optional): Sprinkle with everything bagel seasoning, Parmesan cheese, or dried Italian herbs.

Bake: Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until golden brown and the filling is bubbly. Tent with foil if browning too quickly.

Cool Slightly: Let the bread cool on the baking sheet for a few minutes before transferring to a wire rack to cool completely.