Beat softened cream cheese, sugar, and vanilla until smooth. Scoop teaspoon-sized portions and freeze for 30 minutes.
Mix melted butter, sugars, eggs, and vanilla. Combine flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt, then fold in chocolate chips.
Flatten 2 tbsp dough, place frozen cheesecake center inside, and seal with another spoon of dough.
Chill assembled dough balls for 30 minutes.
Bake at 350°F for 12–15 minutes until edges are golden.
Cool 10 minutes before transferring to wire rack.
