Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit.
In a small bowl, whisk together the 2 tbsp ground flax with 5 tbsp water. Set aside to thicken. Skip this step if using the apple sauce.
In a medium pot on the stove, add the sugar and water and whisk together. Heat over medium/low heat. Stir occasionally, but after about 5-10 minutes, the sugar should completely dissolve.
Meanwhile, in a large bowl, stir together all dry ingredients except for the chocolate chips if using.
Once the sugar has completely dissolved, give it a final whisk, then pour it into the dry ingredients.
Add all remaining wet ingredients, including the flax eggs once thickened or the applesauce and mix together with a wooden spoon or rubber spatula until a batter forms. Careful not to over mix, stir just until combined.
Fold in the chocolate chips if using.
Transfer to an 8x8 baking pan lined with parchment paper.
Sprinkle with additional chocolate chips if desired.
Bake for 35-42 minutes. about 38 was perfect in my oven, but check with a toothpick.
Remove from the oven, let cool completely, then slice around the edges of the pan and lift out the brownies using the parchment paper. Slice into 16 squares & enjoy!
